자바GUI(JavaFX) - CSS파일 적용

JavaFX에서 css파일을 적용하는 방법에 대해 알아보겠습니다.

 

1. CSS 파일 추가

"resources - 프로젝트이름폴더" 하위에 css파일을 추가합니다. 샘플로 darktheme.css라고 이름지었습니다.

2. CSS파일 적용

HelloApplication클래스의 Scene 선언부 바로 뒤에 darktheme을 불러오는 코드를 추가합니다.

package com.example.test07;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

import java.io.IOException;


public class HelloApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void start(Stage stage) throws IOException {
        FXMLLoader fxmlLoader = new FXMLLoader(HelloApplication.class.getResource("hello-view.fxml"));
        Scene scene = new Scene(fxmlLoader.load(), 1024, 760);
        scene.getStylesheets().add(getClass().getResource("darktheme.css").toString()); //코드 추가

        stage.setTitle("Hello!");
        stage.setScene(scene);
        stage.show();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch();
    }
}

 

3. CSS샘플 코드(darktheme.css)

웹에서 사용하는 CSS문법과 거의 비슷한데, 속성 앞에 "-fx-"가 들어갑니다. WPF보다 너무 편한것 같네요.

.root {
    -fx-background-color: #f3f3f3;
}
.button {
    -fx-background-radius: 15px;
    -fx-background-color:
        rgba(0,0,0,0.08),
        linear-gradient(#9a9a9a, #909090),
        linear-gradient(white 0%, #f3f3f3 50%, #ececec 51%, #f2f2f2 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0 0 -1 0,0,1;
    -fx-padding: 3 30 3 30;
    -fx-text-fill: #242d35;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
}
.button:hover{
    -fx-background-radius: 15px;
    -fx-background-color:
            rgba(0,0,0,0.08),
            linear-gradient(#5a61af, #51536d),
            linear-gradient(#e4fbff 0%,#cee6fb 10%, #a5d3fb 50%, #88c6fb 51%, #d5faff 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0 0 -1 0,0,1;

    -fx-padding: 3 30 3 30;
    -fx-text-fill: #242d35;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
}

 

4. 결과

 

5. 기타 다른 스타일의 샘플 

Mac의 OSX 스타일 찾다보니 여기까지 오게 되었습니다. 버튼은 아래의 여러가지 스타일을 참고해서 만들면 좋을 것 같습니다.

#green {
    -fx-background-color:
        linear-gradient(#f0ff35, #a9ff00),
        radial-gradient(center 50% -40%, radius 200%, #b8ee36 45%, #80c800 50%);
    -fx-background-radius: 6, 5;
    -fx-background-insets: 0, 1;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( three-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.4) , 5, 0.0 , 0 , 1 );
    -fx-text-fill: #395306;
}
#round-red {
    -fx-background-color: linear-gradient(#ff5400, #be1d00);
    -fx-background-radius: 30;
    -fx-background-insets: 0;
    -fx-text-fill: white;
}
#bevel-grey {
    -fx-background-color: 
        linear-gradient(#f2f2f2, #d6d6d6),
        linear-gradient(#fcfcfc 0%, #d9d9d9 20%, #d6d6d6 100%),
        linear-gradient(#dddddd 0%, #f6f6f6 50%);
    -fx-background-radius: 8,7,6;
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,2;
    -fx-text-fill: black;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( three-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.6) , 5, 0.0 , 0 , 1 );
}
#glass-grey {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #c3c4c4,
        linear-gradient(#d6d6d6 50%, white 100%),
        radial-gradient(center 50% -40%, radius 200%, #e6e6e6 45%, rgba(230,230,230,0) 50%);
    -fx-background-radius: 30;
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,1;
    -fx-text-fill: black;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( three-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.6) , 3, 0.0 , 0 , 1 );
}
#shiny-orange {
    -fx-background-color: 
        linear-gradient(#ffd65b, #e68400),
        linear-gradient(#ffef84, #f2ba44),
        linear-gradient(#ffea6a, #efaa22),
        linear-gradient(#ffe657 0%, #f8c202 50%, #eea10b 100%),
        linear-gradient(from 0% 0% to 15% 50%, rgba(255,255,255,0.9), rgba(255,255,255,0));
    -fx-background-radius: 30;
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,2,3,0;
    -fx-text-fill: #654b00;
    -fx-font-weight: bold;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
    -fx-padding: 10 20 10 20;
}
#dark-blue {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #090a0c,
        linear-gradient(#38424b 0%, #1f2429 20%, #191d22 100%),
        linear-gradient(#20262b, #191d22),
        radial-gradient(center 50% 0%, radius 100%, rgba(114,131,148,0.9), rgba(255,255,255,0));
    -fx-background-radius: 5,4,3,5;
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,2,0;
    -fx-text-fill: white;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( three-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.6) , 5, 0.0 , 0 , 1 );
    -fx-font-family: "Arial";
    -fx-text-fill: linear-gradient(white, #d0d0d0);
    -fx-font-size: 12px;
    -fx-padding: 10 20 10 20;
}
#dark-blue Text {
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( one-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.9) , 1, 0.0 , 0 , 1 );
}
#record-sales {
    -fx-padding: 8 15 15 15;
    -fx-background-insets: 0,0 0 5 0, 0 0 6 0, 0 0 7 0;
    -fx-background-radius: 8;
    -fx-background-color: 
        linear-gradient(from 0% 93% to 0% 100%, #a34313 0%, #903b12 100%),
        #9d4024,
        #d86e3a,
        radial-gradient(center 50% 50%, radius 100%, #d86e3a, #c54e2c);
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( gaussian , rgba(0,0,0,0.75) , 4,0,0,1 );
    -fx-font-weight: bold;
    -fx-font-size: 1.1em;
}
#record-sales:hover {
    -fx-background-color: 
        linear-gradient(from 0% 93% to 0% 100%, #a34313 0%, #903b12 100%),
        #9d4024,
        #d86e3a,
        radial-gradient(center 50% 50%, radius 100%, #ea7f4b, #c54e2c);
}
#record-sales:pressed {
    -fx-padding: 10 15 13 15;
    -fx-background-insets: 2 0 0 0,2 0 3 0, 2 0 4 0, 2 0 5 0;
}
#record-sales Text {
    -fx-fill: white;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( gaussian , #a30000 , 0,0,0,2 );
}
#rich-blue {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #000000,
        linear-gradient(#7ebcea, #2f4b8f),
        linear-gradient(#426ab7, #263e75),
        linear-gradient(#395cab, #223768);
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,2,3;
    -fx-background-radius: 3,2,2,2;
    -fx-padding: 12 30 12 30;
    -fx-text-fill: white;
    -fx-font-size: 12px;
}
#rich-blue Text {
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( one-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.8) , 0, 0.0 , 0 , 1);
}
#big-yellow {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #ecebe9,
        rgba(0,0,0,0.05),
        linear-gradient(#dcca8a, #c7a740),
        linear-gradient(#f9f2d6 0%, #f4e5bc 20%, #e6c75d 80%, #e2c045 100%),
        linear-gradient(#f6ebbe, #e6c34d);
    -fx-background-insets: 0,9 9 8 9,9,10,11;
    -fx-background-radius: 50;
    -fx-padding: 15 30 15 30;
    -fx-font-family: "Helvetica";
    -fx-font-size: 18px;
    -fx-text-fill: #311c09;
    -fx-effect: innershadow( three-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.1) , 2, 0.0 , 0 , 1);
}
#big-yellow Text {
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( one-pass-box , rgba(255,255,255,0.5) , 0, 0.0 , 0 , 1);
}
#iphone-toolbar {
    -fx-background-color: linear-gradient(#98a8bd 0%, #8195af 25%, #6d86a4 100%);
}
#iphone {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #a6b5c9,
        linear-gradient(#303842 0%, #3e5577 20%, #375074 100%),
        linear-gradient(#768aa5 0%, #849cbb 5%, #5877a2 50%, #486a9a 51%, #4a6c9b 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0 0 -1 0,0,1;
    -fx-background-radius: 5,5,4;
    -fx-padding: 7 30 7 30;
    -fx-text-fill: #242d35;
    -fx-font-family: "Helvetica";
    -fx-font-size: 12px;
    -fx-text-fill: white;
}
#iphone Text {
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( one-pass-box , rgba(0,0,0,0.8) , 0, 0.0 , 0 , -1 );
}
#ipad-dark-grey {
    -fx-background-color: 
        linear-gradient(#686868 0%, #232723 25%, #373837 75%, #757575 100%),
        linear-gradient(#020b02, #3a3a3a),
        linear-gradient(#9d9e9d 0%, #6b6a6b 20%, #343534 80%, #242424 100%),
        linear-gradient(#8a8a8a 0%, #6b6a6b 20%, #343534 80%, #262626 100%),
        linear-gradient(#777777 0%, #606060 50%, #505250 51%, #2a2b2a 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,4,5,6;
    -fx-background-radius: 9,8,5,4,3;
    -fx-padding: 15 30 15 30;
    -fx-font-family: "Helvetica";
    -fx-font-size: 18px;
    -fx-font-weight: bold;
    -fx-text-fill: white;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( three-pass-box , rgba(255,255,255,0.2) , 1, 0.0 , 0 , 1);
}
#ipad-dark-grey Text {
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( one-pass-box , black , 0, 0.0 , 0 , -1 );
}
#ipad-grey {
    -fx-background-color: 
        linear-gradient(#686868 0%, #232723 25%, #373837 75%, #757575 100%),
        linear-gradient(#020b02, #3a3a3a),
        linear-gradient(#b9b9b9 0%, #c2c2c2 20%, #afafaf 80%, #c8c8c8 100%),
        linear-gradient(#f5f5f5 0%, #dbdbdb 50%, #cacaca 51%, #d7d7d7 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,4,5;
    -fx-background-radius: 9,8,5,4;
    -fx-padding: 15 30 15 30;
    -fx-font-family: "Helvetica";
    -fx-font-size: 18px;
    -fx-font-weight: bold;
    -fx-text-fill: #333333;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( three-pass-box , rgba(255,255,255,0.2) , 1, 0.0 , 0 , 1);
}
#ipad-grey Text {
    -fx-effect: dropshadow( one-pass-box , white , 0, 0.0 , 0 , 1 );
}
#lion-default {
    -fx-background-color: 
        rgba(0,0,0,0.08),
        linear-gradient(#5a61af, #51536d),
        linear-gradient(#e4fbff 0%,#cee6fb 10%, #a5d3fb 50%, #88c6fb 51%, #d5faff 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0 0 -1 0,0,1;
    -fx-background-radius: 5,5,4;
    -fx-padding: 3 30 3 30;
    -fx-text-fill: #242d35;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
}
#lion {
    -fx-background-color: 
        rgba(0,0,0,0.08),
        linear-gradient(#9a9a9a, #909090),
        linear-gradient(white 0%, #f3f3f3 50%, #ececec 51%, #f2f2f2 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0 0 -1 0,0,1;
    -fx-background-radius: 5,5,4;
    -fx-padding: 3 30 3 30;
    -fx-text-fill: #242d35;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
}
#windows7-default {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #3c7fb1,
        linear-gradient(#fafdfe, #e8f5fc),
        linear-gradient(#eaf6fd 0%, #d9f0fc 49%, #bee6fd 50%, #a7d9f5 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,2;
    -fx-background-radius: 3,2,1;
    -fx-padding: 3 30 3 30;
    -fx-text-fill: black;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
}
#windows7 {
    -fx-background-color: 
        #707070,
        linear-gradient(#fcfcfc, #f3f3f3),
        linear-gradient(#f2f2f2 0%, #ebebeb 49%, #dddddd 50%, #cfcfcf 100%);
    -fx-background-insets: 0,1,2;
    -fx-background-radius: 3,2,1;
    -fx-padding: 3 30 3 30;
    -fx-text-fill: black;
    -fx-font-size: 14px;
}