Python - Django 시작하기1 - 설치

1. 프로젝트 생성 ( 가상환경 생성)

 

2. 라이브러리 설치

pip install django

 

3. Django 프로젝트 설치

현재 폴더에 ( . ) mysite라는 프로젝트를 생성해줍니다. 이 경우 manage.py파일이 현재 폴더에 생성됩니다. (현재 폴더를 지정하지 않으면 한단계 더 아래 폴더에 프로젝트 및 manage.py 파일을 생성합니다. )

django-admin startproject mysite .

 

4. setting.py 수정

DB / Template / Media / Static 관련된 폴더들을 만들고, 이들 경로를 BASE_DIR을 기준으로 지정해줍니다. 그리고 TIME_ZONE, USE_TZ 값을 수정해줍니다.

"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.8.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
"""

from pathlib import Path

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-1tq5c@vtc5f@-^2%sxpu5(42=3^n24fow@i1m*%+h(5#ghx9ml'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [BASE_DIR / 'templates'],  # 수정
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db' / 'db.sqlite3',  # 수정
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Seoul'  # 수정

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False  # 수정


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field

DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'

###  추가  ###
STATICFILES_DIRS = (BASE_DIR / 'static',)
# STATIC_ROOT =  # 배포시 사용

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / 'media'

# AUTH_USER_MODEL =

# LOGGING =

 

5. DB생성

python manage.py migrate

 

6. 관리자계정 생성

python manage.py createsuperuser

 

7. mysite/urls.py 수정

"""adv URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

from adv.views import HomeView

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', HomeView.as_view(), name='home')
]

8. mysite/views.py 생성

from django.views.generic import TemplateView


class HomeView(TemplateView):
    template_name = 'home.html'

9. templates/home.html 생성

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Home.html</title>
</head>
<body>
hello
</body>
</html>

10. 결과 확인